August 2026 - nexa - server-nexa.polito.it

Re: The Generative AI Learning Penalty: Evidence from Chinese Secondary Education

by Enrico Nardelli

Grazie Giacomo, molto interessante. Per chi volesse leggere il lavoro una versione non pay-walled è disponibile qua https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=6868618 Ciao, Enrico Il 22/08/2026 00:24, Giacomo Tesio via nexa ha scritto: > Using 30 months of panel data on 26,811 Chinese students in grades > 7--12, we study how generative AI affects homework productivity and > learning. > The data combine monthly closed-book exams, high-school and college > entrance exams, and homework scores and completion time across nine > subjects. > We exploit staggered AI adoption in a difference-in-differences design. > > AI adoption raises homework scores by 18% and reduces completion time > by 30%, but lowers monthly exam scores by 20% within six months. > High-stakes entrance-exam scores fall by 18 and 24%, with the full > penalty emerging only after about two years. The losses are largest in > social science subjects, followed by STEM and languages, and are > especially large for junior students, high-achieving students, and > boys. The learning losses are concentrated among roughly 80% of AI > users whose behavior is consistent with homework outsourcing, as > indicated by exceptionally short homework completion time coupled with > high homework scores. AI users who maintain similar homework completion > time as non-AI users experience small learning losses. > > https://cepr.org/publications/dp21577 > > _______________________________________________ > nexa mailing list --nexa(a)server-nexa.polito.it > To change settings or unsubscribe please go to:https://server-nexa.polito.it/postorius/lists/nexa.server-nexa.polito.it/ > The general archive of the list is located at:https://server-nexa.polito.it/hyperkitty/list/nexa@server-nexa.polito.it/ > Permalink to this message:https://server-nexa.polito.it/hyperkitty/list/nexa@server-nexa.polito.it/message/DMFFZ7UQCOVAJKHRBZP4FRSDMKB3CVAC/ -- -- EN https://www.hoepli.it/libro/la-rivoluzione-informatica/9788896069516.html =================================================== Prof. Enrico Nardelli Past President di "Informatics Europe" Vicedirettore del Laboratorio Nazionale "Informatica e Scuola" del CINI Dipartimento di Matematica - Università di Roma "Tor Vergata" Via della Ricerca Scientifica snc - 00133 Roma home page: https://www.mat.uniroma2.it/~nardelli blog: https://link-and-think.blogspot.it/ tel: +39 06 7259.4204 fax: +39 06 7259.4699 mobile: +39 335 590.2331 e-mail: nardelli(a)mat.uniroma2.it online meeting: https://blue.meet.garr.it/b/enr-y7f-t0q-ont ====================================================================================================== --

Aug. 23, 2026

Re: Luigi Zingales a proposito di Dacemoglu e The Economist

by abregni

Avete presente -- i vecchietti... -- l'immagine di quel cane vicino a un grammofono con la scritta (marca di dischi, mi pare) "La Voce del Padrone"? Beh, quelle poche volte che ho letto l'Economist l'ho visto "dannatamente schierato a tappetino" verso il pensiero unico capitalistico-anglosassone... Che qualcuno me lo venga a segnalare 20-30 anni dopo, ...mi lascia freddo: l'hanno capito solo adesso? Il 2026-08-23 08:05 Juan Carlos De Martin via nexa ha scritto: > https://x.com/zingales/status/2091283802291089686?s=20 > > Everybody has heard of the Luddites, but few know Sir Thomas > Maitland, the man who defeated them. Rather than using brute force to > take them all out, Maitland simply identified the men he took to be > ringleaders, had them arrested on evidence that was often thin, and > executed them. Hit one, educate a hundred. > > This is the strategy that the British magazine The Economist seems to > have adopted toward the new version of the Luddites: AI critics. > Rather than the public execution, they use the public humiliation of > the anti-AI ringleaders, with equally scant evidence. Whatever its > editors intended, the critical piece against @DAcemogluMIT > , published by the magazine on August 17th, functions less like a > conventional assessment of scholarship than like an act of > intellectual discipline. > > I have long criticized important parts of Daron’s work, and I am > not afraid to expose weaknesses in his reasoning, as I have in the > latest episode of my Capitalisn’t podcast: > https://youtube.com/watch?v=rOnrvB > zJ5D4&t=432s > . But I would never have written that piece. > > If The Economist had objections to his Nobel Prize, it should have > raised them when it was awarded. But it did not. If it had objections > to his paper on demography, it should have raised them when the paper > came out. But it did not. > > Why does the British magazine raise these questions only now? Why > does it do a review of a book that is not about AI, but only reviews > the half-chapter he wrote about AI? I have read The Economist for more > than thirty years. I cannot remember it ever attacking a living > economist in this ad hominem way, let alone one of Daron's caliber. > > The piece is not really about Daron. It is a warning shot. If the > Economist can humiliate the leading economist of my generation, > imagine what it can do to anybody else who criticizes AI. Criticize > the new incarnation of the latest technological wonder, and your > weakest paper becomes your body of work. Praise it, and your weakest > paper is never mentioned at all or even celebrated like a great piece > of scholarship. > > If AI delivers even half of its promises, it will be transformative, > ushering in a new era of productivity and growth, as the first > industrial revolution was and possibly even more. Many professional > economists only see these long-run benefits. Yet, the path to Nirvana > is littered with the bodies of the people hurt during the transition. > It took between 50 and 70 years after the start of the First > Industrial Revolution for workers' wages to begin rising. In the > meantime, life expectancy stagnated, and average height declined, a > clear sign that the Dickensian stories of squalor and misery were not > the product of their author’s imagination but a real account of what > the country went through. > > Criticizing AI is not necessarily resisting progress; it is pointing > out the costs it entails. Unlike 19th-century Great Britain, today, > the democratic West is not forced to maximize the speed of innovation > at all costs. We need a serious public debate on the costs and > benefits of acceleration, with concrete proposals for minimizing > transition costs. This debate needs critical voices like Daron’s. > > In the undemocratic Great Britain of the early 19th century, Lord > Maitland was not serving the British people, but the British merchant > elite, who had only to gain by putting the innovation pedal to the > metal, since the costs were borne by others. In the interest of whom > is The Economist publicly humiliating Daron? > _______________________________________________ > nexa mailing list -- nexa(a)server-nexa.polito.it > To change settings or unsubscribe please go to: > https://server-nexa.polito.it/postorius/lists/nexa.server-nexa.polito.it/ > The general archive of the list is located at: > https://server-nexa.polito.it/hyperkitty/list/nexa@server-nexa.polito.it/ > Permalink to this message: > https://server-nexa.polito.it/hyperkitty/list/nexa@server-nexa.polito.it/me…

Aug. 23, 2026

Luigi Zingales a proposito di Dacemoglu e The Economist

by Juan Carlos De Martin

https://x.com/zingales/status/2091283802291089686?s=20 Everybody has heard of the Luddites, but few know Sir Thomas Maitland, the man who defeated them. Rather than using brute force to take them all out, Maitland simply identified the men he took to be ringleaders, had them arrested on evidence that was often thin, and executed them. Hit one, educate a hundred. This is the strategy that the British magazine The Economist seems to have adopted toward the new version of the Luddites: AI critics. Rather than the public execution, they use the public humiliation of the anti-AI ringleaders, with equally scant evidence. Whatever its editors intended, the critical piece against @DAcemogluMIT , published by the magazine on August 17th, functions less like a conventional assessment of scholarship than like an act of intellectual discipline. I have long criticized important parts of Daron’s work, and I am not afraid to expose weaknesses in his reasoning, as I have in the latest episode of my Capitalisn’t podcast: https://youtube.com/watch?v=rOnrvB zJ5D4&t=432s . But I would never have written that piece. If The Economist had objections to his Nobel Prize, it should have raised them when it was awarded. But it did not. If it had objections to his paper on demography, it should have raised them when the paper came out. But it did not. Why does the British magazine raise these questions only now? Why does it do a review of a book that is not about AI, but only reviews the half-chapter he wrote about AI? I have read The Economist for more than thirty years. I cannot remember it ever attacking a living economist in this ad hominem way, let alone one of Daron's caliber. The piece is not really about Daron. It is a warning shot. If the Economist can humiliate the leading economist of my generation, imagine what it can do to anybody else who criticizes AI. Criticize the new incarnation of the latest technological wonder, and your weakest paper becomes your body of work. Praise it, and your weakest paper is never mentioned at all or even celebrated like a great piece of scholarship. If AI delivers even half of its promises, it will be transformative, ushering in a new era of productivity and growth, as the first industrial revolution was and possibly even more. Many professional economists only see these long-run benefits. Yet, the path to Nirvana is littered with the bodies of the people hurt during the transition. It took between 50 and 70 years after the start of the First Industrial Revolution for workers' wages to begin rising. In the meantime, life expectancy stagnated, and average height declined, a clear sign that the Dickensian stories of squalor and misery were not the product of their author’s imagination but a real account of what the country went through. Criticizing AI is not necessarily resisting progress; it is pointing out the costs it entails. Unlike 19th-century Great Britain, today, the democratic West is not forced to maximize the speed of innovation at all costs. We need a serious public debate on the costs and benefits of acceleration, with concrete proposals for minimizing transition costs. This debate needs critical voices like Daron’s. In the undemocratic Great Britain of the early 19th century, Lord Maitland was not serving the British people, but the British merchant elite, who had only to gain by putting the innovation pedal to the metal, since the costs were borne by others. In the interest of whom is The Economist publicly humiliating Daron?

Aug. 23, 2026

The Generative AI Learning Penalty: Evidence from Chinese Secondary Education

by Giacomo Tesio

Using 30 months of panel data on 26,811 Chinese students in grades 7--12, we study how generative AI affects homework productivity and learning. The data combine monthly closed-book exams, high-school and college entrance exams, and homework scores and completion time across nine subjects. We exploit staggered AI adoption in a difference-in-differences design. AI adoption raises homework scores by 18% and reduces completion time by 30%, but lowers monthly exam scores by 20% within six months. High-stakes entrance-exam scores fall by 18 and 24%, with the full penalty emerging only after about two years. The losses are largest in social science subjects, followed by STEM and languages, and are especially large for junior students, high-achieving students, and boys. The learning losses are concentrated among roughly 80% of AI users whose behavior is consistent with homework outsourcing, as indicated by exceptionally short homework completion time coupled with high homework scores. AI users who maintain similar homework completion time as non-AI users experience small learning losses. https://cepr.org/publications/dp21577

Aug. 21, 2026

Re: Articolato ed interessante

by Davide Dubini

Buonasera, ho trovato la lettura molto interessante. Per quanto comprendo, essa richiama il tema dei rischi della IA in rapporto a quello della necessità di conservazione/ricostruzione d'una società in grado di governarla e, eventualmente, in una fase più avanzata, di resisterle. Un progressivo e sempre più diffuso impoverimento culturale congiunto alla perdita di valori riconducibili all'idea di comunità (mi piace richiamare Adriano Olivetti) ci espone, in tal senso, a rischi enormi. Un tentativo di controllo e la limitazione degli strumenti di IA, penso, debba passare necessariamente dal tentativo di rinforzare le 'difese culturali personali' e quelle collettive. Credo che le modalità di attuazione di tali obiettivi possano essere davvero molte e non possano essere demandate unicamente alle istituzioni ma rientrino nelle responsabilità personali e in quelle di ogni organismo ancora proiettato a livello sociale, anche attraverso forme di volontariato, perché no? Ho letto, qui, di persone che - ritengo in modo encomiabile - hanno organizzato e gestiscono a livello associativo corsi che illustrano le modalità di funzionamento della IA, i suoi rischi ecc. Temo, però, che sia necessario ritornare ancora più indietro e tentare di recuperare facoltà mentali compromesse di molti. E tra questi ultimi, ovviamente, mi ci metto anch'io che ricorro spesso al chatbot e dimentico i processi di analisi critica che mi hanno permesso, per molti anni e con molta fatica, di risolvere problemi e trovare soluzioni. Sarò forse banale ma per difenderci credo si debba continuare - o reimparare - a pensare in autonomia attingendo alle nostre conoscenze culturali basilari, anche quelle ataviche, così preziose, ai nostri bagagli esperienziali e alla storia, che tutto insegna ma che pochi ricordano. Riscoprire quanto già esiste combatte l'atrofia cerebrale particolarmente insidiosa che facilmente si sviluppa attraverso le moderne dipendenze di cui si tratta. Certo non attribuisco una mera connotazione negativa alle dinamiche che caratterizzano la IA ma, penso, occorra agire in una dimensione culturale collettiva, nell'interesse dei più e dei più deboli ed indifesi. Il maestro Manzi diceva: 'Non è mai troppo tardi' ma non sarei ottimista fino a quel punto ... Come avrete facilmente intuito, non sono un accademico né uno specialista del settore. Sono una persona, come tante, sinceramente interessata all'argomento. Ringrazio, dunque, per la pazienza con cui avrete letto. Un saluto a tutti Davide Dubini Il gio 20 ago 2026, 08:30 don Luca Peyron via nexa < nexa(a)server-nexa.polito.it> ha scritto: > Buona lettura > > Dl > > > > https://michelekettmaier.nova100.ilsole24ore.com/2026/08/19/estinzioni-sei-… > _________________________ > don Luca Peyron > Pastorale della Cultura tecno scientifica - Apostolato Digitale > Arcidiocesi di Torino > apostolatodigitale.it <https://www.apostolatodigitale.it/> > _______________________________________________ > nexa mailing list -- nexa(a)server-nexa.polito.it > To change settings or unsubscribe please go to: > https://server-nexa.polito.it/postorius/lists/nexa.server-nexa.polito.it/ > The general archive of the list is located at: > https://server-nexa.polito.it/hyperkitty/list/nexa@server-nexa.polito.it/ > Permalink to this message: > https://server-nexa.polito.it/hyperkitty/list/nexa@server-nexa.polito.it/me…

Aug. 20, 2026

Re: Articolato ed interessante

by maurizio lana

grazie, lettura interessante, perché sollecita a pensare (e alla necessità di decidere a tutti i livelli intermedi) sulla datification, e che essa sposta il potere da chi ha e fa "la cosa" a chi ha e gestisce i dati. c'entra l'IA ma alla base c'è quel claim della "società dell'informazione" con cui pensiamo di dire che siamo 'più avanti' ma già una società di cacciatori/raccolgitori viveva di informazione oggi tra noi rimangono cacciatori/raccoglitori i San, già noti come Boscimani, Louis Liebenberg, /The art of tracking: the origin of science/ (D. Philip, 1990), https://cybertracker.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/Liebenberg-1990-The-Art…; ---, /The Origin of Science: On the Evolutionary Roots of Science and Its Implications for Self-Education and Citizen Science/, Second edition (CyberTracker, 2021), https://cybertracker.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/Liebenberg-2013-The-Ori….) solo che qui da noi, ora, l'informazione è digitale e la usiamo ma non la possediamo (detto un po' alle spicce: via la connessione internet e l'informazione digitale è persa). e non è un grande avanzamento. > La questione da riaprire non è dunque la distribuzione del reddito ma > la distribuzione del potere, e sono domande molto concrete: chi > possiede i modelli e i dati su cui sono stati addestrati, chi fissa i > criteri dentro i quali una proposta diventa valutabile, chi tiene > l’elenco dei soci e il calendario delle feste, chi può spegnere una > cosa e chi può soltanto incassarne le penali. Sono domande di > titolarità, e le domande di titolarità hanno risposte scritte, che si > chiamano statuti, contratti, licenze, atti costitutivi, clausole di > recesso, patti parasociali. Maurizio Il 20/08/26 08:28, don Luca Peyron via nexa ha scritto: > Buona lettura > https://michelekettmaier.nova100.ilsole24ore.com/2026/08/19/estinzioni-sei-… ------------------------------------------------------------------------ the knowledge gap between rich and poor is widening witten & bainbridge, how to build a digital library ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Maurizio Lana Università del Piemonte Orientale Dipartimento di Studi Umanistici Piazza Roma 36 - 13100 Vercelli

Aug. 20, 2026

Articolato ed interessante

by don Luca Peyron

Buona lettura Dl https://michelekettmaier.nova100.ilsole24ore.com/2026/08/19/estinzioni-sei-… _________________________ don Luca Peyron Pastorale della Cultura tecno scientifica - Apostolato Digitale Arcidiocesi di Torino apostolatodigitale.it <https://www.apostolatodigitale.it/>

Aug. 20, 2026

SXSW su IA, lavoro e ambiente

by Antonio Casilli

Car* tutt*, mentre questa torrida estate volge lentamente alla fine, vorrei chiedervi un piccolo favore. Sono stato selezionato dall’Istituto Francese di Cultura negli Stati Uniti Villa Albertine per intervenire al SXSW (South by Southwest). Se non lo conoscete, è un importante festival dedicato a tecnologia e cultura che si terrà ad Austin, Texas, il prossimo marzo. Naturalmente, parlerò di IA, lavoro e ambiente. Per dare un po’ di risalto a questi argomenti, un piccolo aiuto da parte vostra richiederebbe esattamente 3 minuti (= 180 secondi, cronometrati): - basta creare un account SXSW qui: https://id.sxsw.com/sign_up - andare alla mia proposta di talk: https://participate.sxsw.com/flow/sxsw/sxsw27/community-voting-sxsw/page/co… - cliccare sul like nell’angolo in alto a destra NB: Le votazioni si chiudono domenica 23 agosto alle 23:59 PT. Se volete condividere con i vostri contatti e-mail o online di fare lo stesso, allego un piccolo banner e una descrizione. Saluti, Antonio

Aug. 19, 2026

Argentina: Unchecked deployment of AI-driven surveillance reinforces a techno-authoritarian infrastructure of social control

by Juan Carlos De Martin

Argentina: Unchecked deployment of AI-driven surveillance reinforces a techno-authoritarian infrastructure of social control https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2026/08/argentina-unchecked-deployme… 19 August 2026 The expanded use of surveillance technologies in Argentina during the first two years of the Javier Milei’s administration has served to expand states surveillance capabilities, profiling and reprisals in the country, creating a chilling effect on rights to privacy and freedom of expression, peaceful assembly and association, Amnesty International said in a new report today. The report, Sensing the Surveillance State<https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/amr13/1104/2026/en/>, documents how the government implemented sweeping institutional reforms to expand its intelligence capabilities and therefore surveillance mechanisms, through executive decrees and resolutions. Between 2024-2025, it also acquired technologies worth at least US$1.2 million, including social media monitoring tools, facial recognition, and aerial surveillance tools. Together, these policies and technologies amount to a system of mass surveillance. “Pervasive surveillance is being used against Argentinians in both physical and digital spaces, to devastating effect. These technologies have become an integral part of the infrastructure of state control, targeting dissent, deterring protest movements, and harassing marginalized groups, among other authoritarian practices,” said Paola Garcia Ray, Deputy Director, Amnesty International Argentina. “When powerful people don’t want accountability, they attack those who ask questions and use whatever is at their disposal to monitor, control and repress.” The report is based on interviews with 21 people including journalists, activists, pensioners, young people and human rights defenders; analysis of scores of procurement documents and data related to acquired surveillance technologies; and information obtained through freedom of information (FOI) requests. An expanding surveillance infrastructure The Argentinian government has procured various surveillance technologies, including open-source intelligence platforms designed for the collection, cross-checking and visualization of large volumes of data from social media, websites, the dark web, personal data, technical infrastructure and other public databases. Purchases also include licences for facial recognition software from companies with a track record of mass exploitation of biometric data without sufficient legal grounds <https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/research/2020/06/amnesty-international-ca…> , as well as the procurement of drones and ground control stations, with automated tracking capabilities, thermal cameras and real-time transmission of images. “We’ve all been fully identified for a long time now… Sometimes as you’re walking you get to [where you were going] and suddenly you see the drone hovering just above your head. Sometimes within six feet. Why so close? Why is it so invasive?” said Ana Tapia, a member of the Insurgent Pensioners (Jubilados Insurgentes) collective. Pensioners in Buenos Aires march every Wednesday to the National Congress to protest against the pension cuts made by the national government. The report documents the direct impact such surveillance capabilities are having on various groups including journalists, activists, and migrants. It found that some were self-censoring on social media and in public spaces, reducing participation in protests for fear of being identified and targeted, and taking more cautious measures in the planning of public activities. Amnesty International has documented abuse and misuse of such technologies globally<https://banthescan.amnesty.org/>. The Argentinian authorities’ procurement and expanded scope of AI-driven surveillance reflects a global trend where the state’s use of such products incentivizes companies to run businesses that commercialize wide-scale surveillance. Together, this compounds the risks to rights such as the rights to privacy, equality and non-discrimination, freedom of expression and peaceful assembly, while also stifling transparency and freedom of information. “What is happening in Argentina is not unique. Around the world, states engaged in authoritarian practices are ramping up their use of surveillance technologies against human rights defenders, young people, migrants, marginalized and displaced groups, and dissidents. Too often this goes hand in hand with a lack of oversight, transparency, and accountability,” said Matt Mahmoudi, Researcher and Advisor, Artificial Intelligence and Human Rights, Amnesty International. Amnesty International is calling on the Argentinian authorities to ban the development, production, sale, and use of remote biometric recognition technologies for mass and targeted discriminatory surveillance, and to ban its unlawful use by all public and private actors. The authorities must also establish appropriate regulatory measures for the procurement, development, production, sale, import and export of surveillance technologies, and specific public policy frameworks for their use. “Argentina must demonstrate that it is committed to human rights, by ensuring that the use of AI-driven surveillance does not go unchecked and those responsible for human rights abuses perpetuated because of these systems must be held accountable,” Matt Mahmoudi.

Aug. 19, 2026

Fwd: The results of your email commands

by Stefano Ronco

leave Begin forwarded message: From: nexa-owner(a)server-nexa.polito.it Date: 18 August 2026 at 13:17:27 CEST To: stefanoronco(a)msn.com Subject: The results of your email commands The results of your email command are provided below. - Original message details: From: Stefano Ronco <stefanoronco(a)msn.com> Subject: Fwd: nexa Digest, Vol 208, Issue 7 Date: Tue, 18 Aug 2026 11:17:18 +0000 Message-ID: <GV1P195MB263939D18BA7ADE6D14C8F8EDEA62(a)GV1P195MB2639.EURP195.PROD.OUTLOOK.COM> - Results: Ignoring non-text/plain MIME parts No such command: nexa confirm - Confirm a subscription or held message request. echo - Echo back your arguments. end - Stop processing commands. help - Get help about available email commands. join - Join this mailing list. leave - Leave this mailing list. stop - An alias for 'end'. subscribe - An alias for 'join'. unsubscribe - An alias for 'leave'. who - Get a list of the list members. No such command: forwarded No such command: nexa-request(a)server-nexa.polito.it No such command: 18 No such command: nexa(a)server-nexa.polito.it No such command: nexa No such command: nexa(a)server-nexa.polito.it - Ignored: Send nexa mailing list submissions to nexa(a)server-nexa.polito.it To subscribe or unsubscribe via email, send a message with subject or body 'help' to nexa-request(a)server-nexa.polito.it You can reach the person managing the list at nexa-owner(a)server-nexa.polito.it When replying, please edit your Subject line so it is more specific than "Re: Contents of nexa digest..." Today's Topics: 1. decisioni e potere (Marco Ricolfi) ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Message: 1 Date: Tue, 18 Aug 2026 05:26:01 +0000 From: Marco Ricolfi <marco.ricolfi(a)weigmann.it> Subject: [nexa] decisioni e potere To: Alberto Cammozzo via nexa <nexa(a)server-nexa.polito.it> Message-ID: <AS4PR01MB9988550EF674A91A0A8D1183F1A62(a)AS4PR01MB9988.eurp rd01.prod.exchangelabs.com> Content-Type: multipart/related; boundary="_005_AS4PR01MB998855 0EF674A91A0A8D1183F1A62AS4PR01MB9988eurp_"; type="multipart/alternative" Caro Alberto, spero tu sia in vacanza. Lo sono anch'io; ma questo mi consente di ritornare sull'incontro del board, quando - se ho ben visto - ti sei toccato gli zebedei. Avevo appena detto i. che, anche immaginando l'emergere di countervailing powers allo strapotere di Big tech, questi devono in qualche misura essere 'poteri'; e ii. che la dimensione del potere è ineliminabile, visto che decisioni vanno prese. Ma qual è il tuo pensiero, di là del gesto (pur significativo)? A presto m [cid:image001.jpg@01DD2EE2.BB01B200] __________________________________________ Prof. Avv. Marco Ricolfi C.so Galileo Ferraris, 43 - 10128 Torino T (+39) 011.554.54.11 F (+39) 011.518.45.87 E marco.ricolfi(a)weigmann.it<mailto:marco.ricolfi@weigmann.it> PEC marcoricolfi(a)pec.ordineavvocatitorino.it<mailto:marcoricolfi@pec.ordineavvocatitorino.it> https://emea01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.weigm…<https://emea01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Furlsand.…> [cid:image002.jpg@01DD2EE2.BB01B200] Member of The Parlex Group of European Lawyers EEIG with associated law firms in the main capitals of the European Union, U.S.A., Israel and Malaysia; web site: https://emea01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.parle…<https://emea01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Furlsand.…> DISCLAIMER: Le informazioni contenute in questa comunicazione sono riservate e destinate esclusivamente alla/e persona/e o all'ente/i destinatario. 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Name: image002.jpg Type: image/jpeg Size: 19215 bytes Desc: image002.jpg ------------------------------ Subject: Digest Footer _______________________________________________ nexa mailing list -- nexa(a)server-nexa.polito.it To change settings or unsubscribe please go to: https://emea01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fserver-n… The general archive of the list is located at: https://emea01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fserver-n… ------------------------------ End of nexa Digest, Vol 208, Issue 7 ************************************ - Done.

Aug. 18, 2026