October 2024 - nexa - server-nexa.polito.it

e-privacy XXXV in streaming - Privacy: tante norme, poca protezione

by Marco A. Calamari

E' iniziata a terza sessione di e-privacy XXXV «Privacy: tante norme, poca protezione» Quali reali tutele è in grado di offrire l’Europa, a fronte di tecnologie sempre più invasive, più sofisticate e più veloci nella loro diffusione? Sono sufficienti norme come il GDPR o l’AI act per frenare i sistemi che saranno disponibili fra due anni quando questo Regolamento troverà piena applicazione? https://www.youtube.com/live/YDFF9TOhgIc

Oct. 31, 2024

OSI continua a censurare anche ex-post

by Giacomo Tesio

Ciao Nexa, vi segnalo che anche dopo la pubblicazione della Open Washing AI definition (aka OSAID 1.0) OSI continua a censurare le obiezioni cui non sa come ribattere. Gli esempi della coda di paglia del board OSI ormai si sprecano, ma trovo particolarmente esplicativo che persino l'Avvocato Carlo Piana debba ricorrere a questi mezzi per non rispondere: qui https://archive.is/JPSRX potete leggere la mia analisi della sua confusa lettura del recente comunicato della FSF, eliminata dal forum: https://discuss.opensource.org/t/fsf-announced-basics-of-free-ml-applicatio… Sono questi i metodi del co-design process con il quale OSI cerca di legittimare la OSAID 1.0, con il supporto di Bloomberg, Mozilla, Software Heritage e una quindicina di altri loro amichetti. Credo che il passaggio più insostenibile per l'OSI sia stato: > And I’d really like to talk with the data scientists who told you > that they can reduce the vocabulary of a LLM without having the > training dataset, just to ask them “How?”. > > I’ll bet a pizza, that none will come out here to explain how. > Because you cannot. But the original developers of the system can! > > Now, according to <https://opensource.org/licenses/review-process>, > a license “that structurally put the licensor in a more favored > position than any licensee”, is not open source. > > Why the OSAID can do that? La contraddizione evidente deve bruciare troppo... :-) Secondo voi, non sarebbe il caso di introdurre a Giurisprudenza corsi obbligatori di logica, logica modale, etica ed informatica? Facciamolo per i nostri figli, così che i lobbisti GAFAM di domani siano un minimo più competenti di quelli di ieri! :-D Giacomo PS: Non temente, la versione uncensored è adatta ai minori di 14 anni. PPS x gli amici di OSI: non esiste solo la Wayback Machine. Esistono diversi archivi, in chiaro, su Tor... per il futuro, ricordate che è davvero futile cercare di censurare informatici competenti. 😘

Oct. 31, 2024

Re: [nexa] Articolo GDPR

by Maria Chiara Pievatolo

On 30/10/24 13:08, alessandro marzocchi wrote: > > Date: Wed, 30 Oct 2024 10:06:53 +0100From: Giuseppe Attardi > <attardi(a)di.unipi.it <mailto:attardi@di.unipi.it>> > La vera battaglia è quella di democratizzare l’AI, ossia renderla > disponibile a tutti, smontando i monopoli e costruendo > infrastrutture pubbliche controllate democraticamente per orientare > lo sviluppo della tecnologia verso obiettivi di interesse comune. > Il modello dello sviluppo scientifico aperto è quello che ha portato > alla società moderna, sconfiggendo tiranni, povertà e paure ataviche. > > > Per me sono parole ottime, non polemicamente domando: come si > democratizza ...? Ottima domanda. Dal particolare al generale: A. Particolare: 1. usando SALAMI basati su training data FAIR (https://www.go-fair.org/fair-principles/) o, meglio, più che FAIR, e software libero 2. progettando SALAMI in grado di girare sul computer di casa https://thenewstack.io/the-future-of-llms-is-in-your-pocket/ http://arxiv.org/abs/2409.14160 3. mettendo un tetto legale, per tutelare l'ambiente, al consumo energetico dedicato alla salumeria: https://www.nakedcapitalism.com/2024/09/why-must-humans-compete-for-electri… -------------------------------------------------------------------- B. Generale: 4. disgregando i monopoli di Big Tech e con questo la possibilità di impadronirsi di enormi quantità di dati in più di un senso unfair 5. permettendo e promuovendo l'interoperabilità 6. riducendo ed eliminando le estensioni del copyright che non abbiano a che vedere con l'espressione delle persone fisiche viventi 7. promuovendo l'uso di sistemi come https://solidproject.org/ che permettano a ciascuno di controllare direttamente i propri dati personali 8. facendo uso di software libero in tutte le infrastrutture della pubblica amministrazione, della scuola e della ricerca pubblica (in Italia, per esempio, basterebbe applicare l'articolo 68 comma 1 ter del codice dell'amministrazione digitale https://www.normattiva.it/uri-res/N2Ls?urn:nir:stato:decreto.legislativo:20…) La lista non è affatto esaustiva, ma può essere ridotta a un solo punto: non è una questione (solo) di salumeria, è una questione di sistema. E questo non è un espediente per cambiare discorso. Se ci sta a cuore la democrazia o quel che ne resta non basta dire "Buoni i SALAMI, peccato che non siano democratici". Dovremmo dire,invece: "Questi SALAMI, per quello che contengono e per come sono prodotti e smerciati, sono vomitevoli e non li vogliamo nei nostri panini. E dobbiamo chiederci se e come è possibile contribuire a creare le condizioni per produrne di commestibili". Gastronomicamente, MCP

Oct. 30, 2024

SFSCON 2024: un seminario molto interessante... la prossima settimana :-(

by Damiano Verzulli

Segnalo alla lista l'imminente SFSCON 2024 - South Tyrol Free Software Conference 2024 -, che si terra' a Bolzano i prossimi venerdi' e sabato della prossima settimana. Ho appena scorso il programma di venerdi': https://www.sfscon.it/programs/2024/ e... ce n'e' decisamente per *TUTTI* coloro che frequentano questa lista. Decisamente un evento rilevante, a mio avviso. Saluti, DV -- Damiano Verzulli e-mail:damiano@verzulli.it --- possible?ok:while(!possible){open_mindedness++} --- "...I realized that free software would not generate the kind of income that was needed. Maybe in USA or Europe, you may be able to get a well paying job as a free software developer, but not here [in Africa]..." -- Guido Sohne - 1973-2008 http://ole.kenic.or.ke/pipermail/skunkworks/2008-April/005989.html

Oct. 30, 2024

Re: [nexa] SFC Announces Aspirational Statement on LLM-backed generative AI for Programming

by Giacomo Tesio

Ciao Stefano, aspirazioni assolutamente condivisibili! Ne riporto i punti essenziali: 1. The system is built using only FOSS, and is used only for the creation of FOSS, and never for proprietary software. In this manner, the system would propagate and improve interest in software freedom and rights. 2. The system must respect the principle of “FOSS in, FOSS out, and FOSS throughout”. In detail, this means: a. All software and generally useful technical information (including but not limited to: user interface code and applications for generating new material from the model, data cleaning code, model architecture, hyper parameters, model weights, and the model itself) needed to create the system are freely available to the public under a FOSS license. b. All training data should be fully identified, and available freely and publicly on the Internet, under a FOSS license. 3. The system will aid the user in adding necessary licensing notices and determining any licensing requirements2 of the output. > Per cercare, ogni tanto, di guardare alla luna! Già, che bella la luna... :-) È un vero peccato che la nuova definizione di Open Source AI promulgata dalla Open Source Initiative sotterri tali aspirazioni. Infatti, se una black box programmata a partire da dati proprietari e inaccessibili può passare per "open source AI", allora quelle black box potranno essere sia input che l'output delle vostre aspirazioni Così grazie all'OSI e a coloro che supportano la OSAID [1] FOSS in, FOSS out, and FOSS throughout diventa, in realtà, blackbox in, black box out, and blackbox throughout Beh... che dire... un successo! Giacomo [1] https://opensource.org/ai/endorsements

Oct. 30, 2024

Re: [nexa] Sweden and Norway rethink cashless society plans over Russia security fears

by Marco A. Calamari

Incredibilmente interessante. Sulla weaponizzazione delle tecnologie informatiche si dovrebbe fare una grande campagna di informazione. Io avevo pensato alla corruzione di un dipendente che possa segnalare o getire segnalazioni su Piracy Shield , usato per spegnere internet in Italia. Sarà già un'arma negli arsenali di n attori geopolitici? On mer, 2024-10-30 at 14:35 +0100, Alberto Cammozzo via nexa wrote: > < > https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/oct/30/sweden-and-norway-rethink-cas… > > > > > Sweden and Norway rethink cashless society plans over Russia security fears > > Miranda Bryant > > Sweden and Norway are backpedalling on plans for cashless societies over fears > that fully digital payment systems would leave them vulnerable to Russian > security threats, and concern for those unable to use them. > > A combination of good high-speed internet coverage, high digital literacy > rates, large rural populations and fast-growing fintech industries had put the > Nordic neighbours on a fast track to a future without cash. > > Swish, a mobile payment system that six banks launched in 2012, is ubiquitous > in Sweden, from market stalls to coffee shops and clothes stores. The > Norwegian equivalent, Vipps, which merged with Danish MobilePay in 2022 to > form Vipps MobilePay, is also very popular. Last month, it also launched in > Sweden. > > The former deputy governor of Sweden’s central bank predicted in 2018 that > Sweden would probably be cashless by 2025. > > But Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in 2022 and a subsequent rise in cross-border > hybrid warfare and cyber-attacks blamed on pro-Russia groups have prompted a > rethink. > > The Swedish government has since completely overhauled its defence and > preparedness strategy, joining Nato, starting a new form of national service > and reactivating its psychological defence agency to combat disinformation > from Russia and other adversaries. Norway has tightened controls on its > previously porous border with Russia. > > The security rethink extends to the fundamentals of how people pay for goods > and services. > > In a brochure with the title If Crisis or War Comes that will be sent to every > home in Sweden next month, the defence ministry advises people to use cash > regularly and keep at least a week’s supply in various denominations as well > as access to other forms of payment such as bank cards and digital payment > services. “If you can pay in several different ways, you strengthen your > preparedness,” it says. > > The government is also considering legislation to protect the ability to pay > in cash for certain goods. Cash is legal tender in Sweden, but shops and > restaurants can effectively make themselves cashless as long as they display a > notice setting out their restrictions on payment methods. > > Norwegian retail customers have always had the right to pay in cash, but it > has not been enforced and in recent years increasing numbers of retailers have > gone cashless, locking out about 600,000 people who do not have access to > digital services. The government acted over the summer, bringing in > legislation under which retailers can be fined or sanctioned if they do not > accept cash payments from 1 October. > > The justice and public security ministry said it “recommends everyone keep > some cash on hand due to the vulnerabilities of digital payment solutions to > cyber-attacks”. It said the government took preparedness seriously “given the > increasing global instability with war, digital threats, and climate change. > As a result, they’ve ensured that the right to pay with cash is strengthened”. > > The country’s justice and emergencies minister, Emilie Enger Mehl, said > earlier this year: “If no one pays with cash and no one accepts cash, cash > will no longer be a real emergency solution once the crisis is upon us.” > Prolonged power cuts, system failures or digital attacks on payment systems > and banks could leave cash as “the only alternative that is easily available”, > she said. > > Max Brimberg, a researcher at Sweden’s central bank, said the move away from > cash had been driven largely by the private sector. Many of the country’s > banks abolished cash in local branches some time ago, which made digital > payment services easy to roll out to a very willing public. > > > The percentage of cash purchases in physical shops has fallen from almost 40% > in 2012 to about 10% in recent years, and Brimberg said there was growing > concern about cash becoming obsolete. > > “That’s something that we as a central bank and also the central government > see as a potential risk, especially for the people who still haven’t adopted > the digital economy and also for preparedness if there were to be a weaponised > attack or armed attack against Sweden or a close country,” he said. “So cash > fills a very specific role in the payment system, both because it’s issued by > the state but also because it’s the only form of payment that we can use if > the systems for electricity or communications networks don’t work as they > usually do.” > > Because all Swedish payment systems were part of one ecosystem, an attack > could bring society to a standstill, he said. > > “Pretty much any function that you do in society you have to use some sort of > payment or verification analysis, either by electronic ID or electronic > payment,” he said. “All of those would be at risk of undermining the > functionality of the entire system in Sweden if it were to fail.” > > The central bank is looking into creating and issuing an “e-krona” that would > act as a “digital complement to cash”, but implementation would require a > political mandate. > > Hans Liwång, a professor of systems science for defence and security at the > Swedish Defence University, said there was a lack of evidence about whether > cash was better than digital payments in the face of modern threats. Pointing > to Ukraine, where digital systems have proved vital to its resilience, he > said: “Ukraine is a very good example of moving into the future when there is > war rather than backwards.” >

Oct. 30, 2024

Sweden and Norway rethink cashless society plans over Russia security fears

by Alberto Cammozzo

<https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/oct/30/sweden-and-norway-rethink-cas…> Sweden and Norway rethink cashless society plans over Russia security fears Miranda Bryant Sweden and Norway are backpedalling on plans for cashless societies over fears that fully digital payment systems would leave them vulnerable to Russian security threats, and concern for those unable to use them. A combination of good high-speed internet coverage, high digital literacy rates, large rural populations and fast-growing fintech industries had put the Nordic neighbours on a fast track to a future without cash. Swish, a mobile payment system that six banks launched in 2012, is ubiquitous in Sweden, from market stalls to coffee shops and clothes stores. The Norwegian equivalent, Vipps, which merged with Danish MobilePay in 2022 to form Vipps MobilePay, is also very popular. Last month, it also launched in Sweden. The former deputy governor of Sweden’s central bank predicted in 2018 that Sweden would probably be cashless by 2025. But Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in 2022 and a subsequent rise in cross-border hybrid warfare and cyber-attacks blamed on pro-Russia groups have prompted a rethink. The Swedish government has since completely overhauled its defence and preparedness strategy, joining Nato, starting a new form of national service and reactivating its psychological defence agency to combat disinformation from Russia and other adversaries. Norway has tightened controls on its previously porous border with Russia. The security rethink extends to the fundamentals of how people pay for goods and services. In a brochure with the title If Crisis or War Comes that will be sent to every home in Sweden next month, the defence ministry advises people to use cash regularly and keep at least a week’s supply in various denominations as well as access to other forms of payment such as bank cards and digital payment services. “If you can pay in several different ways, you strengthen your preparedness,” it says. The government is also considering legislation to protect the ability to pay in cash for certain goods. Cash is legal tender in Sweden, but shops and restaurants can effectively make themselves cashless as long as they display a notice setting out their restrictions on payment methods. Norwegian retail customers have always had the right to pay in cash, but it has not been enforced and in recent years increasing numbers of retailers have gone cashless, locking out about 600,000 people who do not have access to digital services. The government acted over the summer, bringing in legislation under which retailers can be fined or sanctioned if they do not accept cash payments from 1 October. The justice and public security ministry said it “recommends everyone keep some cash on hand due to the vulnerabilities of digital payment solutions to cyber-attacks”. It said the government took preparedness seriously “given the increasing global instability with war, digital threats, and climate change. As a result, they’ve ensured that the right to pay with cash is strengthened”. The country’s justice and emergencies minister, Emilie Enger Mehl, said earlier this year: “If no one pays with cash and no one accepts cash, cash will no longer be a real emergency solution once the crisis is upon us.” Prolonged power cuts, system failures or digital attacks on payment systems and banks could leave cash as “the only alternative that is easily available”, she said. Max Brimberg, a researcher at Sweden’s central bank, said the move away from cash had been driven largely by the private sector. Many of the country’s banks abolished cash in local branches some time ago, which made digital payment services easy to roll out to a very willing public. The percentage of cash purchases in physical shops has fallen from almost 40% in 2012 to about 10% in recent years, and Brimberg said there was growing concern about cash becoming obsolete. “That’s something that we as a central bank and also the central government see as a potential risk, especially for the people who still haven’t adopted the digital economy and also for preparedness if there were to be a weaponised attack or armed attack against Sweden or a close country,” he said. “So cash fills a very specific role in the payment system, both because it’s issued by the state but also because it’s the only form of payment that we can use if the systems for electricity or communications networks don’t work as they usually do.” Because all Swedish payment systems were part of one ecosystem, an attack could bring society to a standstill, he said. “Pretty much any function that you do in society you have to use some sort of payment or verification analysis, either by electronic ID or electronic payment,” he said. “All of those would be at risk of undermining the functionality of the entire system in Sweden if it were to fail.” The central bank is looking into creating and issuing an “e-krona” that would act as a “digital complement to cash”, but implementation would require a political mandate. Hans Liwång, a professor of systems science for defence and security at the Swedish Defence University, said there was a lack of evidence about whether cash was better than digital payments in the face of modern threats. Pointing to Ukraine, where digital systems have proved vital to its resilience, he said: “Ukraine is a very good example of moving into the future when there is war rather than backwards.”

Oct. 30, 2024

Re: [nexa] L'Ue non sarà il "terzo polo" dell'Intelligenza artificiale fra Usa e Cina. Ecco perché. L'analisi di Aresu - Startmag

by fulvio benussi

Buongiorno a tutt*, come dissi al Prof. Juan Carlos De Martin in occasione del convegno "L'intelligenza artificiale tra fatto e norma" in Università Cattolica da alcuni mesi seguo con interesse i dibattiti in questa Lista. Mi presento: sono un giornalista pubblicista e un formatore. Come giornalista sono direttore responsabile del magazine *Quaderni di Comunità. Persone, Educazione e Welfare nella società 5.0* della Link University di Roma. Sono membro dell'*Osservatorio Diritto & Innovazione Pubblica Amministrazione Bicocca.* Recentemente con Monica Constantin ho scritto l'articolo *Intelligenza Artificiale nelle Pubbliche Amministrazioni: come assicurare trasparenza e controllo democratico.* Mi farebbe davvero piacere se ricevessi da chi di voi vorrà farlo: critiche, osservazioni, suggerimenti, ecc. L'articolo può essere letto e scaricato al link: https://dipab.diseade.unimib.it/osservatorio-dipab-le-pubblicazioni/ Grazie per l'attenzione Fulvio Oscar Benussi Il giorno sab 26 ott 2024 alle ore 10:05 J.C. DE MARTIN <demartin(a)polito.it> ha scritto: > Da leggere e meditare: > > https://www.startmag.it/innovazione/intervista-alessandro-aresu-geopolitica… > > (messaggio spedito in movimento - scusate brevità ed eventuali refusi) -- Fulvio Oscar Benussi Ai sensi del Reg.EU 2016/679 preciso che le informazioni contenute in questo messaggio, inclusi gli allegati, sono riservate e ad uso esclusivo del destinatario. Qualora il messaggio in parola Le fosse pervenuto per errore, La invito, per cortesia, ad eliminarlo senza copiarlo e a non inoltrarlo a terzi, dandomene gentilmente comunicazione. Qualsiasi violazione è sanzionabile a livello amministrativo, civile e penale. The information in this e-mail and in any files attached is confidential and may be privileged. If you are not the intended recipient, please destroy this message and notify the sender immediately. You should not retain, copy or use this e-mail for any purpose, not disclose all or any part of its contents to any other person according to the European Regulament EU n. 2016/679. =========================== Proteggi l'ambiente! Non stampare questa e-mail se non veramente necessario.

Oct. 30, 2024

Una segnalazione e una richiesta

by fulvio benussi

Buongiorno a tutt*, come dissi al Prof. Juan Carlos De Martin in occasione del convegno "L'intelligenza artificiale tra fatto e norma" in Università Cattolica da alcuni mesi seguo con interesse i dibattiti in questa Lista. Mi presento: sono un giornalista pubblicista e un formatore. Come giornalista sono direttore responsabile del magazine *Quaderni di Comunità. Persone, Educazione e Welfare nella società 5.0* della Link University di Roma. Sono membro dell'*Osservatorio Diritto & Innovazione Pubblica Amministrazione Bicocca.* Recentemente con Monica Constantin ho scritto l'articolo *Intelligenza Artificiale nelle Pubbliche Amministrazioni: come assicurare trasparenza e controllo democratico.* Mi farebbe davvero piacere se ricevessi da chi di voi vorrà farlo: critiche, osservazioni, suggerimenti, ecc. L'articolo può essere letto e scaricato al link: https://dipab.diseade.unimib.it/osservatorio-dipab-le-pubblicazioni/ Grazie per l'attenzione -- Fulvio Oscar Benussi ( 339 194 1926 Ai sensi del Reg.EU 2016/679 preciso che le informazioni contenute in questo messaggio, inclusi gli allegati, sono riservate e ad uso esclusivo del destinatario. Qualora il messaggio in parola Le fosse pervenuto per errore, La invito, per cortesia, ad eliminarlo senza copiarlo e a non inoltrarlo a terzi, dandomene gentilmente comunicazione. Qualsiasi violazione è sanzionabile a livello amministrativo, civile e penale. The information in this e-mail and in any files attached is confidential and may be privileged. If you are not the intended recipient, please destroy this message and notify the sender immediately. You should not retain, copy or use this e-mail for any purpose, not disclose all or any part of its contents to any other person according to the European Regulament EU n. 2016/679. =========================== Proteggi l'ambiente! Non stampare questa e-mail se non veramente necessario.

Oct. 30, 2024

Re: [nexa] Articolo GDPR

by alessandro marzocchi

Date: Wed, 30 Oct 2024 10:06:53 +0100 From: Giuseppe Attardi < > attardi(a)di.unipi.it> > La vera battaglia è quella di democratizzare l’AI, ossia renderla > disponibile a tutti, smontando i monopoli e costruendo infrastrutture > pubbliche controllate democraticamente per orientare lo sviluppo della > tecnologia verso obiettivi di interesse comune. > Il modello dello sviluppo scientifico aperto è quello che ha portato alla > società moderna, sconfiggendo tiranni, povertà e paure ataviche. > Per me sono parole ottime, non polemicamente domando: come si democratizza ...? Da non tecnico continuo a vedere il digitale come parola e lingua e non vedo democrazia senza "codice aperto" ed educazione ad esso. Poi è ovvio che pochissimi saranno Dante, Goethe, Shakespeare ma a nessuno viene negata la possibilità. Cordialmente Duccio (Alessandro Marzocchi)

Oct. 30, 2024