August 2016 - nexa - server-nexa.polito.it

Waag: "FairBnB: building a sustainable short-stay rental platform"
by J.C. DE MARTIN Aug. 5, 2016

Aug. 5, 2016

*"FairBnB: building a sustainable short-stay rental platform"** * The increase of short-stay apartments in Amsterdam has affected the city, causing nuisance in neighbourhoods and a rise in housing prices, where the market was already inflated. Despite Amsterdam’s regulation and the efforts to pursue illegal rentals, the enforcement of current regulation is impossible because companies like Airbnb refuse to provide the data of those hosts with illegal apartments. We believe that any sharing economy platforms need to be transparent and accountable in order to be advantageous to citizens and the city. For this reason, we want to work towards a “FairBnB”. *What is FairBnB?* FairBnB is a movement that seeks to encourage vacation rentals that comply with the principles of a fair, non-extractive and collaborative economy. Some of the key questions are: How could these activities be managed to be beneficial to local initiatives and be kept from extracting values only for investors and speculators? How could they be managed so that visitors are encouraged to stay in those areas where they are not a disturbance, but beneficial to the neighbourhood? Come and help us to create the first local FairBnB platform. RSVP at Meetup Earlier this year we organized this workshop on designing for trust in accommodation share. When: Wednesday, 2016, September 14 - 4:00pm Where: Waag Society, Nieuwmarkt 4, 1012 CR Amsterdam Lab: Future Internet Lab

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Paper: "The Responsibility of Open Standards in the Era of Surveillance"
by J.C. DE MARTIN Aug. 5, 2016

Aug. 5, 2016

The Responsibility of Open Standards in the Era of Surveillance Harry Halpin W3C/INRIA harry.halpin(a)inria.fr Articolo breve (2 pagine) ma interessante, disponibile qui: https://t.co/xI1QoDC7Sa Paragrafo conclusivo: Due to its foundation as an academic network and histori- cal restrictions on cryptography, the Internet was built with- out strong cryptography and privacy. As put by Vint Cerf, “I worked with the National Security Agency on the design of a secured version of the internet but we used classified se- curity technology at the time and I couldn’t share that with my colleagues. If I could start over again I would have in- troduced a lot more strong authentication and cryptography into the system.”11 After Snowden, the historical responsi- bility of open standards bodies like the IETF and the W3C is to upgrade the common infrastructure. However, they will not be able to do so without a new generation of pri- vacy academics and activists guiding these standardization efforts. This historical task requires going beyond deploying privacy-enhancing technology only in particular companies, start-ups, or code-bases, but to recognize our responsibility to build privacy into the open standards themselves. juan carlos

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Sandvig v. Lynch: Accademici USA contro il Computer Fraud and Abuse Act
by Alberto Cammozzo Aug. 4, 2016

Aug. 4, 2016

Interessante procedimento: i terms of use delle piattaforme inibiscono, tra il resto, la libertà di ricerca (in particolare le attività di scraping) ed espressione e di conseguenza impediscono la verifica del comportamento legittimo degli algoritmi, favorendo la big data discrimination. Attaccata, tra il resto, anche la real name policy. Potrebbe avere conseguenze anche da noi, visto che raramente i ToS sono adattati ai diversi contesti giuridici. Mi sbaglio? I link: <https://www.aclu.org/news/aclu-challenges-law-preventing-studies-big-data-d…> <https://www.aclu.org/blog/free-future/aclu-challenges-computer-crimes-law-t…> <https://www.aclu.org/legal-document/sandvig-v-lynch-complaint> Qualche estratto dal complaint: [...] Plaintiffs are injured because they are placed in the position of either refraining from conducting their research, testing, or investigations—all of which constitute constitutionally-protected speech or expressive activity, or conduct necessarily antecedent to such speech or expressive activity—or of exposing themselves to the risk of prosecution under the Challenged Provision. Refraining from conducting their research, testing, or investigations constitutes self-censorship and a loss of Plaintiffs’ First Amendment rights. [...] Plaintiffs also wish to use websites for research purposes and to have the option of subsequently publishing the findings of their research, even when website terms of service do not allow doing so. However, the Challenged Provision renders such activities criminal. 148. The Challenged Provision’s broad delegation of criminal regulation to private parties also impairs the First Amendment rights of many other people. 149. Terms of service, including those on social media websites, often require that users provide their real names when creating accounts, as is the case with seven of the ten housing websites and all of the employment websites listed in paragraph 71 of this Complaint. By criminalizing any violation of these rules, the Challenged Provision chills a broad range of important expressive activity. Members of marginalized groups, or victims of abuse and harassment, may seek to operate pseudonymously online in order to protect themselves. For example, real name policies chill the speech of lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender individuals who wish to keep this aspect of their identities private or separate from their offline lives, and they chill the speech of victims of domestic violence who would speak online but for fear of response from abusers. Transgender individuals whose legal names do not reflect their gender identities may be deterred from speaking online under such policies. Critics of employers, governments, or other powerful actors may desire the safeguard from retribution that pseudonymity provides. Artists, writers, and others engaged in creative expression often desire pseudonymity, and some forms of satire, such as fictional Twitter accounts, depend upon misrepresenting the user’s identity. The Challenged Provision criminalizes violations of websites’ real name policies, chilling this entire range of constitutionally protected activity.

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Spyware economico a disposizione: aumentano le nazioni che sorvegliano i propri cittadini.
by Alberto Cammozzo Aug. 3, 2016

Aug. 3, 2016

*Snapping up cheap spy tools, nations 'monitoring everyone'* LIMA, Peru (AP) — It was a national scandal. Peru's then-vice president accused two domestic intelligence agents of staking her out. Then, a top congressman blamed the spy agency for a break-in at his office. News stories showed the agency had collected data on hundreds of influential Peruvians. Yet after last year's outrage, which forced out the prime minister and froze its intelligence-gathering, the spy service went ahead with a $22 million program capable of snooping on thousands of Peruvians at a time. Peru — a top cocaine-producing nation — joined the ranks of world governments that have added commercial spyware to their arsenals. The purchase from Israeli-American company Verint Systems, chronicled in documents obtained by The Associated Press, offers a rare, behind-the-scenes look into how easy it is for a country to purchase and install off-the-shelf surveillance equipment. The software allows governments to intercept voice calls, text messages and emails. Except for blacklisted nations like Syria and North Korea, there is little to stop governments that routinely violate basic rights from obtaining the same so-called "lawful intercept" tools that have been sold to Western police and spy agencies. People tracked by the technology have been beaten, jailed and tortured, according to human rights groups. Targets identified by the AP include a blogger in the repressive Central Asian republic of Uzbekistan, opposition activists in the war-ravaged African nation of South Sudan, and politicians and reporters in oil-rich Trinidad and Tobago in the Caribbean. "The status quo is completely unacceptable," said Marietje Schaake, a European Union lawmaker pushing for greater oversight. "The fact that this market is almost completely unregulated is very disturbing." The Verint documents that AP obtained in Peru, including training manuals, contracts, invoices and emails, offer more detail than previously available on the inner workings of a highly secretive industry. "There is just so little reliable data on this," said Edin Omanovic, a researcher at Privacy International, a London-based advocacy group. "These commercial tools are being used in a strategic and offensive way in much the same way that military tools are used." The scope and sophistication revealed in the Peru documents approximates, on a small scale, U.S. and British surveillance programs catalogued in 2013 by former National Security Agency contractor Edward Snowden. That trove showed how the U.S. government collected the phone records of millions of Americans, few suspected of crimes. Even after some reforms, there is still much to be done in the U.S. and abroad to rein in Big Brother, privacy advocates say. [...] <http://bigstory.ap.org/article/f799cfd080b04b93a34df61fc007b096/snapping-ch…>

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Fascicolo sanitario elettronico: aggiornate le specifiche tecniche di interoperabilità
by Mauro Alovisio Aug. 3, 2016

Aug. 3, 2016

- Gent.me/mi - segnalo dal sito Agid - Fascicolo sanitario elettronico: aggiornate le specifiche tecniche di interoperabilità Fascicolo sanitario elettronico: aggiornate le specifiche tecniche di interoperabilità [image: Logo agid] *Martedì, 2 Agosto, 2016* Si è concluso il processo di integrazione dei servizi di interoperabilità messi a disposizione delle regioni sull’infrastruttura nazionale Si è concluso positivamente il processo di integrazione dei servizi di interoperabilità messi a disposizione delle regioni sull’infrastruttura nazionale necessaria a garantire l’interoperabilità dei FSE con il servizio di identificazione degli assistiti attraverso il sistema Tessera Sanitaria. Con il consolidamento del processo di interoperabilità con le regioni che ad oggi hanno svolto i test, le specifiche tecniche pubblicate il 6 Maggio 2015 hanno quindi subito un processo di riorganizzazione funzionale per dare coerenza all’intero lavoro. Sono state strutturate in modo da avere un master, “Specifiche tecniche per l’interoperabilità tra i sistemi regionali di FSE”, che presenta lo scenario architetturale di riferimento e i principali processi di interoperabilità necessari e previsti in sede di prima implementazione del FSE, e una serie di allegati che mirano a dettagliare nello specifico la particolare materia di riferimento: A – Processi di business B – Framework e dataset dei servizi base C – Affinity Domain Italia D – Identificazione di un assistito E – Servizi di identificazione F – Configurazione delle Porte di Dominio Queste specifiche sostituiscono le precedenti e definiscono in maniera esaustiva i riferimenti tecnici per lo sviluppo dei servizi di interoperabilità regionali. Tag: fascicolo sanitario elettronico <http://www.agid.gov.it/tags/fascicolo-sanitario-elettronico> Documento allegato notizia: Nuove specifiche tecniche Fascicolo sanitario elettronico <http://www.agid.gov.it/sites/default/files/documenti_indirizzo/specifiche_f…> Pagina interna sull'argomento: Sanità digitale <http://www.agid.gov.it/agenda-digitale/pubblica-amministrazione/sanita-digi…> - [image: Facebook logo] Facebook <http://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=http%3A//www.agid.gov.it/notizie/2016/…> - [image: Twitter logo] Twitter <http://twitter.com/share?url=http%3A//www.agid.gov.it/notizie/2016/08/02/fa…> Ultimo aggiornamento 02 Agosto 2016 http://www.agid.gov.it/notizie/2016/08/02/fascicolo-sanitario-elettronico-a… Cordiali saluti Mauro Alovisio

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NYT: "Make Algorithms Accountable"
by J.C. DE MARTIN Aug. 2, 2016

Aug. 2, 2016

NYT Op-Ed *Make Algorithms Accountable** * By JULIA ANGWIN August 1, 2016 Algorithms are ubiquitous in our lives. They map out the best route to our destination and help us find new music based on what we listen to now. But they are also being employed to inform fundamental decisions about our lives. Companies use them to sort through stacks of résumés from job seekers. Credit agencies use them to determine our credit scores. And the criminal justice system is increasingly using algorithms to predict a defendant’s future criminality. Those computer-generated criminal “risk scores” were at the center of a recent Wisconsin Supreme Court decision that set the first significant limits on the use of risk algorithms in sentencing. The court ruled that while judges could use these risk scores, the scores could not be a “determinative” factor in whether a defendant was jailed or placed on probation. And, most important, the court stipulated that a presentence report submitted to the judge must include a warning about the limits of the algorithm’s accuracy. This warning requirement is an important milestone in the debate over how our data-driven society should hold decision-making software accountable. But advocates for big data due process argue that much more must be done to assure the appropriateness and accuracy of algorithm results. […] Continua qui: http://mobile.nytimes.com/2016/08/01/opinion/make-algorithms-accountable.ht…

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Archeologia del ransomware
by Antonio Casilli Aug. 2, 2016

Aug. 2, 2016

Per coloro che leggono il francese, ecco un articolo di ZDNet basato su una mia ricerca (+ su una mia intervista) a proposito del primo caso documentato di ransomware, e dei legami visibili tra malware, industria dell'antivirus e legislazioni contro la cybercriminalità. --- Ransomware : retour sur les racines du mal ou l’étrange cas du Dr Popp Sécurité : Depuis 2009, les ransomwares sont devenus l’arme favorite des cybercriminels. Pourtant, en 1989 déjà, un premier malware de ce type faisait beaucoup parler de lui. Mais force est de constater que les choses ont beaucoup évolué depuis ce premier essai balbutiant. Read more: http://www.zdnet.fr/actualites/ransomware-retour-sur-les-racines-du-mal-ou-… --- -- Antonio A. Casilli Associate Professor, Telecom ParisTech Research Fellow Edgar-Morin Center (EHESS)

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Volume "Protezione transnazionale dei dati personali"
by Alessandro Mantelero Aug. 1, 2016

Aug. 1, 2016

Segnalo, a quanti fossero interessati, che da questo pomeriggio è disponibile sul sito dell'editore Roma Tre Press il nuovo volume curato dai Professori Giorgio Resta e Vincenzo Zeno-Zencovich su "La protezione transnazionale dei dati personali dai 'safe harbour principles' al 'privacy shield'". Il volume è liberamente scaricabile al seguente indirizzo: http://ojs.romatrepress.uniroma3.it/index.php/PTD/article/view/934/883 -- Prof. Avv. Alessandro Mantelero Politecnico di Torino Nexa Center for Internet and Society | Director of Privacy Politecnico di Torino–Tongji University| Coordinator, Double Degree program in Management and IP Law Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology | Part-time Expert, School of Public Administration European Data Protection Law Review | Associate Editor http://staff.polito.it/alessandro.mantelero EMAIL POLICY: twice a day (Mon-Fri)

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Facebook lures Africa with free internet - but what is the hidden cost?
by fabio chiusi Aug. 1, 2016

Aug. 1, 2016

Facebook has signed up almost half the countries in Africa – a combined population of 635 million – to its free internet service in a controversial move to corner the market in one of the world’s biggest mobile data growth regions.Facebook’s co-founder and chairman, Mark Zuckerberg, has made it clear that he wants to connect the whole world to the internet, describing access as a basic human right. His Free Basics initiative, in which mobile users are able to access the site free of data charges, is available in 42 countries, more than half of them in Africa. Continua qui: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/aug/01/facebook-free-basics-internet… f.

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