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Should a driverless car kill the kid or the retiree?
by Alberto Cammozzo Oct. 20, 2016

Oct. 20, 2016

Sintesi di posizioni su Politico.eu <http://www.politico.eu/article/should-a-driverless-car-kill-the-kid-or-the-…> [] Ethics and morals are intrinsically fuzzy — no amount of rapid calculations can give them the clarity of mathematics. And if drivers, or the manufacturer (and the engineers and ethicists employed by them), are able to program the car’s ethics, this changes the degree of intention of any resulting deaths, and also its legal status. In cultures that revere the elderly, the car would aim for the child, while in the West, which prizes youth, the car would hit the grandmother. “We mean for that to happen. This premeditation is the difference between manslaughter and murder, a much more serious offense,” wrote <https://www.wired.com/2014/08/heres-a-terrible-idea-robot-cars-with-adjusta…> Patrick Lin, director of the Ethics and Emerging Sciences Group at California Polytechnic State University. “Ethical dilemmas are likely not resolvable in a way that everybody agrees with. That’s why they’re dilemmas, exactly because there’s no clear consensus and that there’s good reasons that support different answers,” he told POLITICO in email exchange. A car buyer of the future may have to decide the ethical makeup of the vehicle, and in some way share the resulting responsibility for the choices that car makes in the event of an accident. In his speech, Ford called for all driverless cars to be installed with standardized ethical technology, but that doesn’t solve the problem of just what morals should be imbued in the machine. [] Should the moral algorithm built into connected and self-driving cars be based on Western philosophical tradition, or maybe Eastern, or yet another? If so, then Ford’s conundrum might have a different answer. In cultures that revere the elderly, the car would aim for the child, while in the West, which prizes youth, the car would hit the grandmother. On a higher philosophical level the implications are even more important, especially for the Western way of thinking, which prizes the individual and freedom of will. What’s new with driverless cars, when the algorithm is fully in charge, is that “the individual becomes irrelevant, that the community and especially the calculation prevail,” said Paolo Bottazzini, a former lecturer at Milan’s Politecnico University and author of several books on algorithms. “I am not sure we Europeans are fully aware that with driverless cars what’s at stake is our way of thinking,” he said. Douglas Hofstadter, a professor of cognitive science and Pulitzer prize winner, was far more blunt. He told us he finds the idea of driverless cars “repugnant, and I absolutely cannot understand why so many people think it’s great.”

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Intellectual Property Fights Par for the Course in F-35 Program
by Alberto Cammozzo Oct. 19, 2016

Oct. 19, 2016

Lettura molto istruttiva. Il caccia stenta a decollare non solo per i difetti nel funzionamento meccanico e software. Il progetto dipende pesantemente dal software e ogni contractor e subcontractor difende coi denti il proprio codice sorgente dai concorrenti e non lo vuole rilasciare al governo. Non sorprende che il progetto complessivo diventa ingestibile ed i risultati imprevedibili... <http://www.nationaldefensemagazine.org/blog/Lists/Posts/Post.aspx?ID=2293> When the Pentagon embarked on the acquisition of the F-35 joint strike fighter in 2001, little thought was given to who legally owned the rights to the technical data and intellectual property associated with the aircraft. Fifteen years later, the lack of clear contractual language about ownership of technical data and software code has put the Pentagon in a bind and has limited the government’s options on how to maintain, upgrade and manage the Pentagon’s largest weapons acquisition, according to the officer who runs the F-35 program, Air Force Lt. Gen. Christopher Bogdan [] Bogdan immediately figured out that suppliers would fight fiercely to shield their trade secrets because they did not trust the government and feared that their proprietary data would be shared with other industry competitors.

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US Study Urges Tougher Oversight for Police Use of Facial Recognition
by Alberto Cammozzo Oct. 19, 2016

Oct. 19, 2016

Study Urges Tougher Oversight for Police Use of Facial Recognition The report found that 16 states allow law enforcement officials to compare the faces of suspects to photos on driver’s licenses and other IDs without a warrant. Credit Caspar Benson/Getty Images A new report by a think tank at Georgetown University <https://www.perpetuallineup.org/sites/default/files/2016-10/The%20Perpetual…> calls for greater oversight in the use of emerging facial recognition software that makes the images of more than 117 million Americans — a disproportionate number of them black — searchable by law enforcement agencies. While the agencies, including the F.B.I., have historically created fingerprint and DNA databases primarily from criminal investigations, many of the photographs scattered among agencies at all levels of government are of law-abiding Americans, according to the report released Tuesday. The report found that 16 states allowed law enforcement officials to compare the faces of suspects to photographs on driver’s licenses and other forms of identification without a warrant, “creating a virtual lineup.” “This is unprecedented and highly problematic,” said the report, by the Center on Privacy and Technology at Georgetown’s law school. Facial recognition technology, long used overseas <http://www.nytimes.com/2015/08/13/us/facial-recognition-software-moves-from…> by the American military and intelligence agencies in Iraq and Afghanistan, is seen by local law enforcement as a tool for identifying criminals, but it has also raised concerns among privacy advocates. Because African-Americans disproportionately <http://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/12/upshot/surprising-new-evidence-shows-bias…> come into contact with, and are arrested by, law enforcement officials, the report said, their police photos will most likely be overrepresented in facial recognition databases. The authors of the report said the aim was not to stop the use of the software, which they acknowledged had been effective in investigations. Nor did they fault law enforcement officers, who they said “are simply using every tool available to protect the people that they are sworn to serve.” Rather, they called for Congress and state legislatures to pass laws creating stricter regulations on the technology. Researchers found, for instance, that just one agency — the Ohio Bureau of Criminal Investigation — specifically prohibited using the software to track people engaging in political or religious speech. No state has a law regulating use of the software. “There is a real risk that police face recognition will be used to stifle free speech,” the report said. <http://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/19/us/a-virtual-lineups-of-average-citizens-…>

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Ecuador says it cut WikiLeaks founder's internet over US election interference
by gianluca quaglia Oct. 19, 2016

Oct. 19, 2016

Ecuador says it cut WikiLeaks founder's internet over US election interference The move followed the publication of leaked emails by WikiLeaks, including some from the Democratic National Committee (DNC) released just before the party’s convention in July, and more recently a cache of emails from the account of Hillary Clinton campaign adviser John Podesta. On Tuesday, officials released a statement saying that the government of Ecuador “respects the principle of non-intervention in the internal affairs of other states” and had cut off the internet access available to Assange because “in recent weeks, WikiLeaks has published a wealth of documents, impacting on the US election campaign”.[...] continua qui https://www.theguardian.com/media/2016/oct/19/wikileaks-ecuador-julian-assa…

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Fwd: Corte UE: gestori siti internet possono conservare dati personali degli utenti per difendersi da attacchi cibernetici (sentenza C-582/14)
by Marco Ciurcina Oct. 19, 2016

Oct. 19, 2016

Il gestore di un sito Internet può avere un interesse legittimo a conservare determinati dati personali dei visitatori per difendersi dagli attacchi cibernetici L'indirizzo di protocollo Internet dinamico di un visitatore costituisce, per il gestore del sito, un dato personale, qualora detto gestore disponga di mezzi giuridici che gli consentono di far identificare il visitatore interessato grazie alle informazioni aggiuntive di cui il fornitore di accesso a Internet del visitatore dispone (Sentenza nella causa C-582/14, Patrick Breyer / Bundesrepublik Deutschland) Tra poco la pubblicano http://curia.europa.eu/juris/documents.jsf?pro=&lgrec=en&nat=or&oqp=&lg=&da… m.c.

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Can we open the black box of AI?
by Alessandro Mantelero Oct. 19, 2016

Oct. 19, 2016

Can we open the black box of AI? Artificial intelligence is everywhere. But before scientists trust it, they first need to understand how machines learn. http://www.nature.com/news/can-we-open-the-black-box-of-ai-1.20731 -- Prof. Avv. Alessandro Mantelero Politecnico di Torino Nexa Center for Internet and Society | Director of Privacy Politecnico di Torino–Tongji University| Coordinator, Double Degree program in Management and IP Law Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology | Part-time Expert, School of Public Administration European Data Protection Law Review | Associate Editor http://staff.polito.it/alessandro.mantelero @mantelero EMAIL POLICY: once a day (Mon-Fri)

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APB : révélation du code source qui affecte les bacheliers à l’université
by Alberto Cammozzo Oct. 19, 2016

Oct. 19, 2016

In Francia, un'associatione studentesca ottiene dal ministero il sorgente dell'algoritmo che indirizza gli studenti nei corsi di laurea a numero chiuso. Près de six mois après l’avoir demandé, l’association Droits des lycéens a obtenu du ministère le code source de l’algorithme utilisé par Admission post-bac pour affecter les étudiants dans les filières à capacité d’accueil limité. <http://www.lemonde.fr/campus/article/2016/10/18/apb-revelation-du-code-sour…> ciao, Alberto

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Internet e Wikipedia 'oscurati' in Francia
by Antonio Casilli Oct. 18, 2016

Oct. 18, 2016

Ieri Google e Wikipedia sono stati classificati come siti terroristi e censurati in Francia. In più, gli indirizzi IP di tutti quelli che hanno cercato di accedere a questi siti sono stati tracciati dal ministero dell'interno. Solo per qualche ora, e solo su un provider, ma l'evento ci da' molti spunti per capire come funzioni la censura del web, la sorveglianza elettronica di massa, e cosa sia importante per la "resilience" di Internet. Un riassunto in inglese di Rayna Stamboliyska: https://medium.com/@maliciarogue/in-france-google-and-wikipedia-briefly-cen… Un postmortem tecnico in francese di Stéphane Bortzmeyer: http://www.bortzmeyer.org/google-detourne-par-orange.html

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CREATe Public Lecture "Copyright Reform in a Brexit environment"
by Thomas Margoni Oct. 18, 2016

Oct. 18, 2016

Carissimi, Segnalo a quanti si dovessero trovare a Glasgow o dintorni l'evento in oggetto. Un caro saluto. Thomas ----- original message ----- Dear Colleagues, CREATe, the RCUK Centre for Copyright and New Business Models in the Creative Economy at the University of Glasgow, warmly invites you to join us on October 19^th for a public lecture by Professor Martin Kretschmer on Copyright Reform in the Brexit Environment. The following week, October 26^th , our public lecture will mark the Creative Commons UK with talks by Timothy Vollmer and Gwen Franck from Creative Commons. *Copyright Reform in a Brexit environment* Martin Kretschmer speaking** By Prof. Martin Kretschmer, Director of CREATe, the RCUK Copyright Centre Where: University of Glasgow, Humanities Lecture Theatre, When: Wednesday, October 19th, 17:30 This event is part of the CREATe Public Lecture Series 2016. Also see page here <http://www.create.ac.uk/blog/2016/09/23/create-events/>. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ On September 14th, the European Commission presented a package of proposed copyright reforms <https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/modernisation-eu-copyright-ru…> under the banner of promoting a Digital Single Market (DSM). In fact, the initiative tries to overcome a legislative stalemate of 15 years (since the Information Society Directive of 2001), during which the job of migrating copyright law into a digital world had been largely left to the European Court of Justice. Among the measures announced are potentially far reaching interventions, such as establishing the principle that online rights need to be cleared only in the country of origin (bypassing the need to acquire licences in 28 EU countries – though the provision applies only to broadcasters at this stage). There is also an attempt to force digital intermediaries to pay royalties, namely those platforms that benefit from exposure of unauthorised, copyright protected materials uploaded by users (so-called “user generated content” or UGC: prominent examples include music videos on YouTube, or images on Facebook). This proposed intervention has been labelled variously as blatantly anti-American, a general monitoring obligation <http://ipkitten.blogspot.co.uk/2016/10/academics-stress-importance-of.html>, a jealousy tax <http://festival.create.ac.uk/opening-closing-and-plenary-videos/> and an innovation own goal <http://www.politico.eu/article/insiders-slam-commissions-copyright-plans/>, making it harder for European digital start-ups to compete. Other proposed measures aim to channel revenues to press publishers (by giving them new rights – critiqued here <http://www.create.ac.uk/publications/the-european-commissions-public-consul…>), increase transparency in copyright related payments to artists, foster digitisation of cultural heritage, facilitate access for the visually impaired, and legitimise big data practices (such as text and data mining). This lecture will investigate what a digital single market means in an interconnected world in which copyright still slices content by territory, and where the balance between artists, investors and users still reflects an analogue world of linear exploitation. Finally, the lecture turns to Brexit. Can the UK become a digital Island? ------------------------------------------------------------------------ The public lecture is free and open to everyone. Registration <https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/create-public-lecture-series-tickets-2798368…> secures a seat. The _Humanities Lecture Theatre <http://www.gla.ac.uk/media/media_351748_en.pdf>_ (Room 255 in the University of Glasgow Main Building off the West Quadrangle) will form a striking setting for this event. It is the University’s only lecture theatre preserved in its original Victorian wooden amphitheatre layout. In the digital world, we need to take the long view! /Room 255 is accessible from the ‘Foyer to the Forehall’ labelled 256A on this map <http://www.gla.ac.uk/media/media_351748_en.pdf>./ Join us at CREATe, School of Law, on Wednesday October 19th, at 17:30. All the best, Joy Joy Davidson CREATe Centre Manager School of Law 10 The Square University of Glasgow G12 8QQ Tel: +44 (0)141 330 2086 Email: joy.davidson(a)glasgow.ac.uk <mailto:joy.davidson@glasgow.ac.uk> Website:http://www.create.ac.uk The University of Glasgow, charity number SC004401 -- Dr. Thomas Margoni Senior Lecturer in Intellectual Property and Internet Law Director of the LLM in Intellectual Property and the Digital Economy School of Law - CREATe Centre University of Glasgow http://ssrn.com/author=1383303

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45° Nexa Lunch Seminar - 26 ottobre 2016
by Francesco Ruggiero Oct. 18, 2016

Oct. 18, 2016

Se non visualizzi correttamente questo messaggio clicca qui <http://nexa.polito.it/lunch-45> NEXA 45°Nexa Lunch Seminar Mercoledi 26 ottobre 2016, ore 13.00 - 14.00 Politecnico di Torino http://nexa.polito.it/lunch-45 Wikidata birthday Incontro sullo stato attuale di Wikidata al suo quarto anno di vita Speaker Alessio Melandri (Fellow Centro Nexa) This event will be webcast live: http://nexa.polito.it/upcoming-events Il 29 ottobre 2012 nasce un'importante base di conoscenza collaborativa: Wikidata. *Un database libero, collaborativo, multilingue che raccoglie dati strutturati.* Su di esso si appoggiano in primis Wikipedia e gli altri progetti Wikimedia. Informazioni libere e machine-readable fanno di Wikidata il punto centrale delle strategie che coinvolgono i dati di molti progetti e organizzazioni. La vision di Wikipedia: *"Imagine a world in which every single human being can freely share in the sum of all knowledge"*, nata per soddisfare la sete di informazioni umana, rivive in Wikidata trasformando la somma della conoscenza in dati strutturati, interrogabili semanticamente da persone e macchine. Il quarto compleanno di Wikidata è un'occasione per esplorare ciò che il progetto ha raccolto fino ad oggi. Per osservare le domande a cui già ha fornito una risposta e quelle a cui lo farà a breve. Per cercare di intuire come ciò cambierà il modo di interfacciarsi con la conoscenza. /Ingresso libero - Saranno disponibili panini e bibite per coloro che si saranno registrati su http://lunch45.eventbrite.com entro il 24 ottobre./ BIOGRAFIE - e informazioni supplementari [MELANDRI] ALESSIO MELANDRI è full stack developer presso Synapta - startup torinese specializzata nel Web semantico e in applicazioni data-driven - e Fellow del Centro Nexa su Internet & Società. Laureato in ingegneria informatica al Politecnico di Torino e studente del relativo corso magistrale, ha esperienza come programmatore, in particolare nel campo dei linked data. Nella maggior parte dei progetti in cui è coinvolto lavora con i dati, raffinandoli, interrogandoli e sviluppando visualizzazioni. Ha una predilezione per il software libero e gli open data collaborando, nel tempo libero, a Wikipedia, Wikidata e OpenStreetMap. Letture consigliate e link utili: * Wikipedia's Next Big Thing: Wikidata, A Machine-Readable, User-Editable Database Funded By Google, Paul Allen And Others <https://techcrunch.com/2012/03/30/wikipedias-next-big-thing-wikidata-a-mach…> * Wikidata: A Free Collaborative Knowledgebase <http://cacm.acm.org/magazines/2014/10/178785-wikidata/fulltext> * From Freebase to Wikidata: The Great Migration <http://static.googleusercontent.com/media/research.google.com/en//pubs/arch…> Che cosa sono il Centro Nexa e i cicli di incontri "Mercoledì di Nexa" e "Nexa Lunch Seminar" Il Centro Nexa su Internet & Società del Politecnico di Torino (Dipartimento di Automatica e Informatica) è un centro di ricerca indipendente e interdisciplinare che studia Internet e il suo effetto sulla società. Maggiori informazioni all'indirizzo: http://nexa.polito.it/about. Durante i "*Mercoledì di Nexa*", che si tengono *ogni 2° mercoledì del mese* alle *ore 18 in punto*, il Centro Nexa su Internet e Società apre le sue porte non solo agli esperti e a tutti coloro i quali lavorano con Internet, ma anche a semplici appassionati e cittadini. Il ciclo di incontri intende approfondire, con un linguaggio preciso ma divulgativo, i temi legati alla Rete: motori di ricerca, Creative Commons, social networks, open source/software libero, neutralità della rete, libertà di espressione, privacy, file sharing, big e open data, smart cities e molto altro. Al centro di quasi tutti gli incontri un ospite pronto a dialogare con i direttori del Centro Nexa, il Prof. Juan Carlos De Martin del Politecnico di Torino e il Prof. Marco Ricolfi dell'Università di Torino, nonché lo staff e i Fellows del Centro Nexa. Maggiori informazioni sui Mercoledì di Nexa, incluso un elenco di tutti i "Mercoledì" passati, sono disponibili all'indirizzo: http://nexa.polito.it/mercoledi. Si segnala inoltre che dal maggio 2012 *ogni 4° mercoledì* del mese *dalle ore 13 alle ore 14* il Centro Nexa organizza anche i "*Nexa Lunch Seminar*". Una lista di tutti i "Lunch Seminar" passati è disponibile all'indirizzo: http://nexa.polito.it/lunch-seminars. See our events calendar <http://nexa.polito.it/events> if you're curious about future luncheons, discussions, lectures, and conferences not listed in this email. Our events are free and open to the public, unless otherwise noted. Maggiori informazioni sui Mercoledì di Nexa e i Nexa Lunch Seminar, sono disponibili all'indirizzo: http://nexa.polito.it/events. Weekly Events Newsletter. Sign up <http://nexa.polito.it/mailing-lists> to receive this newsletter if this email was forwarded to you. To manage your subscription preferences, please click here <https://server-nexa.polito.it/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/nexa>. Connect & get involved: Jobs, internships, and more <http://nexa.polito.it/get-involved> Nexa Center for Internet and Society Newsletter

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