In Metric Power, David Beer examines the intensifying role
that metrics play in our everyday lives, from healthcare provision
to our interactions with friends and family, within the context of
the so-termed data revolution. This is a book that illustrates our
growing implication in, and arguable acquiescence to, an
increasingly quantified world, but, Thomas Christie Williams
asks, where do we locate resistance?
Metric Power. David Beer. Palgrave Macmillan. 2016.
My initial reaction to Metric Power was that, for an essay on the
challenges of big data, there was remarkably little of it throughout
the book. As David Beer shied away from drawn-out case studies,
figures and concrete examples, I found myself getting more and more
irritated. How could I trust what he was saying without evidence to
back it up? But as I progressed, I realised that this is probably
part of his point. As a ‘neoliberal subject’, Beer argues, people
like me have a ‘cultural interest in numbers, and a culture that is
shaped and populated with numbers’ (149). If something cannot be
quantified, our trust and interest in it diminishes.
There is indubitably more data in the world than there has ever been
before. In my field, medicine, genomes are being sequenced at an
exponential rate, and many institutions have legitimate concerns
about where this data will be stored – indeed, some scientists are
trying to store data in DNA itself. Companies like Apple and Google
have moved into health metrics and are storing tens of thousands of
physiological measurements about people who use their health apps.
The entirety of Scotland’s computer-based medical records are being
made accessible to researchers, who are using machine learning to
try and decipher patterns in the relationship between demographics
and disease.
Can, or will, this data be used to increase our understanding of
basic biological processes, improve health or reduce inequality? And
is the metricisation of everyday life leading to changes in ways
that we construct social values, live our everyday lives and even
how we relate to our bodies? Beer would argue that it is, and he
spends Metric Power dissecting the challenges that big data poses
both methodologically to the social sciences and to us as
individuals.
Beer frames his analysis about the causes and effects of metric
power around three key themes: ‘Measurement’, ‘Circulation’ and
‘Possibility’. In ‘Measurement’, we learn about the history of
assessing social entities quantitatively. Beer argues that this mode
of thinking shapes the social world, quoting Heidegger: ‘calculation
refuses to let anything appear except what is calculable’ (235).
‘Circulation’ examines the processes by which metrics about social
subjects circulate and a ‘social life of data’ is created. In
‘Possibility’, metrics are related to power, and how they are used
to ‘maintain, strengthen, or justify new types of inequality, to
define value or worth, and to make the selections central to
affording visibility or invisibility’.
[…]
Continua qui:
http://blogs.lse.ac.uk/lsereviewofbooks/2016/10/27/book-review-metric-power-by-david-beer/