Telecoms are doomed. Remember when they wanted to charge OTT service providers for their traffic? Soon they will have to beg for permission to use some extra capacity from the networks owned by the OTT (turned Under The Top as well). Today tey own 66% of undersea fiber optic cables. They will also own the links connecting their datacenters. Since these companies are also the major providers of cloud services, it will happen that most of the Internet traffic will be among their datacenters and therefore it will stay within their borders. Outside of that there will be just networks delivering results or streams to final users. All other Network Service Providers will be cut off from the business of ultra bandwith services. 5G or WiFi 6 will be enough for most users. “The ability of these companies to vertically integrate all the way down to the level of the physical infrastructure of the internet itself reduces their cost for delivering everything from Google Search and Facebook’s social networking services to Amazon and Microsoft’s cloud services. It also widens the moat between themselves and any potential competitors.” https://www.wsj.com/articles/google-amazon-meta-and-microsoft-weave-a-fiber-... — Beppe