Due to its foundation as an academic network and histori- cal restrictions on cryptography, the Internet was built with- out strong cryptography and privacy. As put by Vint Cerf,

“I worked with the National Security Agency on the design of a secured version of the internet but we used classified se- curity technology at the time and I couldn’t share that with my colleagues. If I could start over again I would have in- troduced a lot more strong authentication and cryptography into the system.”11 After Snowden, the historical responsi- bility of open standards bodies like the IETF and the W3C is to upgrade the common infrastructure. However, they will not be able to do so without a new generation of pri- vacy academics and activists guiding these standardization efforts. This historical task requires going beyond deploying privacy-enhancing technology only in particular companies, start-ups, or code-bases, but to recognize our responsibility to build privacy into the open standards themselves.