Bell'articolo di Bloomberg sulla struttura del mercato del traffico internet non umano. ps. unico punto dolente, l'uso disinvolto del termine "fake" (Bruno Latour e i suoi hanno consacrato trent'anni di studi agli "attanti non umani", ma non tutti sembrano averli letti). Marketers thought the Web would allow perfectly targeted ads. Hasn’t worked out that way. http://www.bloomberg.com/features/2015-click-fraud/ "Increasingly, digital ad viewers aren’t human. A study done last year in conjunction with the Association of National Advertisers embedded billions of digital ads with code designed to determine who or what was seeing them. Eleven percent of display ads and almost a quarter of video ads were “viewed” by software, not people. According to the ANA study, which was conducted by the security firm White Ops and is titled The Bot Baseline: Fraud In Digital Advertising, fake traffic will cost advertisers $6.3 billion this year." -- Antonio A. Casilli Associate Professor, Telecom ParisTech Research Fellow Edgar-Morin Center (EHESS)